Birth control involves the use of one or more methods to prevent a pregnancy from occurring. Contraception methods may include the use of drugs or devices. It allows individuals to choose when they want a child. Birth control methods can be classified into methods that prevent sperm from reaching the egg (barrier contraception), methods that prevent ovulation such as the birth control pills, and methods that allow fertilization of the egg but prevent implantation of the fertilized egg in the womb such as the IUD (intrauterine device).

Pills

Combined contraceptive pills should be taken daily. They are known as combined because there are two hormones in the pills, estrogen and progestin. The hormones stop ovulation, i.e., they prevent the release of the egg. Additionally, contraceptive pills make the lining of the uterus thinner.

Condoms

There are male and female condoms that both work in the same way. Condoms are fitted tubes that a man wears during sex over his penis, or a woman inserts into her vagina before sex. Condoms work in preventing pregnancy and STDs, by forming a barrier that prevents sperm from releasing into the vagina.

Contraceptive Diaphragm

A contraceptive diaphragm works similarly to a female condom, but instead it covers the cervix so that sperm cannot enter the womb. Contraceptive diaphragms are circular domes made of silicone that are inserted before sex into the vagina.

Intrauterine Devices

An intrauterine device or IUD is a small device that is fitted within the uterus. IUDs prevent pregnancy by preventing sperm from reaching and fertilizing the egg. There are several types, and you should consult your doctor for the one best for you.

Birth Control Implant

Birth control implants are devices that go under a woman's skin and release a hormone that prevents pregnancy. The implant is a small plastic rod that contains a form of the hormone progesterone called etonogestrel. This hormone affects the pituitary gland, which tells the ovaries not to release eggs. The hormone also works by making the mucus in the cervix thicker, which makes it more difficult for sperm to reach an egg if any were released.

Birth Control Patch

Birth control patches are transdermal patches that can be placed on your stomach, upper arm, bottom, or back. The patch works by releasing hormones that prevent pregnancy. This is a secure, easy, and inexpensive method of birth control.